There Is Not Only One Type Of Aluminum Oxide Abrasive. Its Performance Varies Significantly Depending On The Purity And Added Oxides, And It Is Suitable For Different Scenarios.
An Aluminum Oxide Abrasive Grinding Wheel Mainly Consists Of Three Parts:
1.Abrasive Grains: Aluminum Oxide Particles Are The Primary Force In Cutting. Their Hardness, Toughness, And Particle Size Directly Determine The Cutting Performance Of The Grinding Wheel.
2.Pore: The Space Between The Abrasive And The Bond In A Grinding Wheel. Pore Is Crucial In The Grinding Process, As It Holds Chips (Chip Evacuation), Helps Dissipate Heat, And Allows Coolant To Pass Through, Preventing Burns On The Workpiece.
3.Bond: Equivalent To "Glue", It Firmly Bonds The Dispersed Abrasive Particles Together To Form A Grinding Wheel With A Certain Shape And Strength. Common Bonding Agents Include:
Features:Excellent Toughness, High Hardness, And Economical Price.
Applicable Materials: Suitable For Machining Metals With High Tensile Strength And Good Toughness；Such As Carbon Steel,Alloy Steel,Malleable Iron,Hard Bronze;
Reason: These Materials Are High In Strength, Resulting In High Impact And Pressure On The Abrasive Grains During Grinding. The High Toughness Of Brown Fused Alumina Prevents The Abrasive Grains From Prematurely Breaking Off During Impact, Allowing It To Withstand High Grinding Forces And Last A Long Time. It Is The Most Versatile And Widely Used Abrasive.
Features: Harder Than Brown Fused Alumina, Slightly Less Tough, More Brittle, And Has Excellent Self-Sharpening Properties. It Generates Less Heat During Grinding.
Applicable Materials: Suitable For Machining Materials With High Hardness And Relatively Low Toughness, Or When Fine Grinding Is Required;Such As Quenched Steel,High-Speed Steel (HSS),Threads And Thin-Walled Parts,Tool Sharpening.
Reason: These Materials Are Inherently Hard And Require Harder Abrasive Grains To Cut. White Corundum'S High Hardness And Excellent Self-Sharpening Properties Ensure It Effectively Cuts These Hard Materials, And The Sharp Abrasive Grains Produce A Smoother Surface Finish And Reduce Burns.
Features: This Can Be Considered An Enhanced Version Of White Corundum. The Addition Of Chromium Oxide Increases Toughness Compared To White Corundum While Maintaining High Hardness And Improved Wear Resistance;
Applicable Materials: Suitable For Grinding Operations Requiring High Surface Finish And Precision.Such As:Measuring Tools,Instrument Parts,Machine Tool Spindles,Internal Grinding;
Reason: Its Excellent Overall Performance (Balance Of Hardness And Toughness) Makes It More Stable During The Grinding Process, Wears More Slowly, And Maintains The Grinding Wheel'S Shape For A Longer Period Of Time, Resulting In Higher Precision And Smoother Surfaces.
Features: Each Particle Is A Single Crystal, Not Agglomerates. As A Result, It Possesses Extremely High Toughness, Strength, And Self-Sharpening Properties, Offering One Of The Best Overall Properties Among All Aluminum Oxide Abrasives;
Applicable Materials: Designed Specifically For Grinding Tough And Difficult-To-Grind Alloy Steels And Stainless Steels.Such AS:Stainless Steel,High-Vanadium High-Speed Steel,Titanium Alloys - Used In Certain Situations;
Reason: Materials Like Stainless Steel Are Not Only Hard But Also Highly Ductile And Have Poor Thermal Conductivity, Making Them Prone To Work Hardening And Adhesion To The Abrasive Grains (Dust Sticking). Single-Crystal Corundum'S Exceptional Toughness And Strength Can Withstand The Intense Grinding Forces, While Its Excellent Self-Sharpening Properties Prevent Dust From Clogging The Grinding Wheel, Effectively Reducing Burns.
Features: Low Al₂O₃ Content (Approximately 70-85%), Resulting In Low Hardness And Poor Toughness.
Applicable Materials: Not Suitable For Metal Grinding. Primarily Used For:Sandblasting,Polishing,Manufacturing Resoid Grinding Wheels,Cleaning Various Workpiece Surfaces.
1. Use High-Toughness Abrasives (Brown Corundum) For Grinding Highly Ductile Materials (Such As Ordinary Steel);
2. Use High-Hardness Abrasives (White Corundum) For Grinding Highly Hard Materials (Such As Hardened Steel);
3. Use High-Performance Abrasives (Single Crystal Corundum) For Grinding Both Hard And Ductile Materials (Such As Stainless Steel).
| Abrasive Type | Alumina purity | Core Characteristics | Best Materials for Machining | Applications |
| Brown corundum | ~95% | Excellent toughness, high hardness, economical | Carbon steel, alloy steel, malleable cast iron | Heavy-duty grinding, rough grinding, general-purpose grinding |
| White corundum | >99% | High hardness, brittleness, good self-sharpening | Hardened steel, high-speed steel, cutting tools | Fine grinding, tool sharpening, form grinding |
| Chrome corundum | >99% (including Cr) | Balanced hardness and toughness | Measuring tools, instrument components, machine tool spindles | High-precision, high-finish grinding |
| Single crystal corundum | - | Extremely high toughness and strength, good self-sharpening | Stainless steel, high-vanadium high-speed steel, titanium alloy | Difficult-to-grind, tough alloys |
| Black corundum | ~70-85% | Low hardness | Non-metallic materials | Sandblasting, polishing, cleaning |
